CLICK HERE FOR FULL TEXT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
TRINITY PHILLIPS,
Defendant-Appellant.
   No. 21-5762
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee at Nashville.
No. 3:18-cr-00347-1—Waverly D. Crenshaw, Jr., District Judge.
Argued: July 20, 2022
Decided and Filed: November 28, 2022
Before: BOGGS, LARSEN, and DAVIS Circuit Judges.


_________________________
OPINION
_________________________

BOGGS, Circuit Judge. When it passed the PROTECT Act in 2003, Congress required the United States Sentencing Commission to vary penalties for child-pornography offenses depending on the number of images involved. The Commission accordingly implemented that method of calculating penalties in the Sentencing Guidelines.1 Addressing what it perceived to be an ambiguity in Congress’s command, the Commission added an application note in the Guidelines commentary instructing courts to equate one video to seventy-five images when calculating the applicable Guidelines sentencing range.

For almost twenty years, courts have relied on this “75:1 Rule” when sentencing defendants convicted of possessing videos containing child pornography. Recent Supreme Court precedent, however, has clarified when courts can defer to an agency’s interpretation of its regulations (by applying so-called Auer deference). Defendant-Appellant Trinity Phillips argues that this recent clarification means that a sentencing court can no longer rely on the 75:1 Rule, and that the court erred in relying on it when imposing his sentence. We disagree and affirm that sentence as imposed by the district court.