ALICE M. BATCHELDER, Circuit Judge. A corporate defendant in a civil lawsuit moved to dismiss the plaintiff’s action based on a contractual forum-selection clause even though the plaintiff was not a signatory to that contract. The district court applied the so-called “closely related” doctrine, found that the plaintiff was sufficiently closely related to the contract for the court to apply and enforce the forum-selection clause against that non-signatory plaintiff, and dismissed the action. The plaintiff appeals, arguing that the district court applied the wrong law, and correspondingly the wrong analytical approach, to determine the contract’s applicability. Ultimately, we agree and for the reasons that follow, we REVERSE and REMAND.