KETHLEDGE, Circuit Judge. Fillmore County Park in Genoa Charter Township, Michigan, includes a fifteen-station “Leopold the Lion Reading Trail”—with a series of large signs that, as one walks along the path, tell “the entire story” of Leopold. Meanwhile, on a wooded 40-acre property a few miles away, Catholic Healthcare, Inc. created a prayer trail with fourteen “Stations of the Cross”—depicting the story of Christ’s last day. That trail the Township chose to treat as the zoning equivalent of a church building—for which, the Township insisted, Catholic Healthcare must apply for a “special land use” permit. At considerable expense, Catholic Healthcare has submitted two such applications—both of which the Township denied. The Township also forced Catholic Healthcare to remove all the Stations of the Cross, along with a stone altar and mural, from its prayer trail.

In this appeal, Catholic Healthcare seeks a preliminary injunction allowing it to restore the Stations of the Cross, altar, and mural to its prayer trail—relief for which it moved in the district court some two years ago. The district court has twice denied that request, most recently holding that—notwithstanding all the events described above—Catholic Healthcare’s free-exercise and statutory claims are unripe. We reverse that holding and grant Catholic Healthcare’s request for an injunction. We also reject the Township’s cross-appeal.

JOHN K. BUSH, Circuit Judge. Therese Waters, on behalf of her daughter Kelly Waters, sought judicial review of the Medicare Appeals Council’s denial of Waters’s Medicare Part B claim. Her claim was for Vitaflo Homocystinuria Cooler, an orally consumed enteral nutrition fo1mula that provides her with necessaiy protein to compensate for her limited liver functionality. The Council's decision is considered the final decision of the Secretaiy of Health and Human Services. That rnling affmned the denial of Waters's claim by an Administrative Law Judge, which in tum affnmed decisions of a Medicare Administrative Contractor and a Qualified Independent Contractor. On judicial review, the district comi granted sUilllnaiy judgment for the Secretaiy-holding that the Secretaiy 's decision was based on substantial evidence and contained no legal enor. We AFFIRM.

Defendants appeal from the entry of a $650 million judgment on an Ohio law claim in this multidistrict litigation matter involving the opioid epidemic. Because neither side addressed the issue of certification in their briefs, we ordered supplemental briefing. Following review, we sua sponte certify a question of law to the Supreme Court of the State of Ohio.