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PATRICK MARVIN SIMMONS,
Petitioner-Appellant,
v.
ROBERT KAPTURE, Warden,
Respondent-Appellee.


No. 03-2609

Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Western District of Michigan at Marquette.
No. 01-00027—Gordon J. Quist, District Judge.
Argued: September 12, 2007
Decided and Filed: February 15, 2008
Before: BOGGS, Chief Judge; MARTIN, BATCHELDER, DAUGHTREY, MOORE, COLE,
CLAY, GILMAN, GIBBONS, ROGERS, COOK, McKEAGUE, and GRIFFIN, Circuit Judges.

_________________________
OPINION
_________________________

ROGERS, Circuit Judge. The issue in this case is whether the rule of criminal procedure recently articulated by the Supreme Court in Halbert v. Michigan, 545 U.S. 605 (2005), applies retroactively to cases on collateral habeas corpus review. In Halbert, the Court held that the Equal Protection and Due Process clauses require the appointment of counsel for indigent defendants seeking first-tier review of plea-based convictions in the Michigan Court of Appeals, even when such appeals are discretionary rather than as of right. Id. at 609-10. Because petitioner Patrick Simmons’s state conviction was final when the Court decided Halbert, Halbert’s applicability to the instant action is governed by Teague v. Lane, 489 U.S. 288 (1988). Under Teague, a “new rule” of criminal procedure does not apply retroactively to cases proceeding on collateral habeas review unless the rule either decriminalizes a class of conduct or is a “watershed” rule that implicates the fundamental fairness and accuracy of a criminal proceeding. Saffle v. Parks, 494 U.S. 484, 494-95 (1990) (citing Teague, 489 U.S. at 311). A majority of the original panel in this case concluded that Halbert simply involved the application of an existing rule and thus, consistent with Teague, Halbert has retroactive effect. Simmons v. Kapture, 474 F.3d 869 (6th Cir. 2007). We granted rehearing en banc and vacated the prior panel’s decision.

Supreme Court precedent compels the conclusion that Teague bars the retroactive application of Halbert on collateral review. In short, Halbert announced a “new rule,” and that new rule neither decriminalizes a class of conduct nor is a “watershed” rule. The legal analysis in support of these conclusions — which fully addresses the arguments presented in the en banc dissent — is thoroughly set forth in the panel dissenting opinion of District Judge Reeves, sitting by designation, and no purpose would be served by recapitulating it. We incorporate that analysis here. See id. at 879-88 (Reeves, J., dissenting). Because Halbert is inapplicable to this case under Teague, we need not address the warden’s contention that, in any event, the language of 28 U.S.C. § 2254(d)(1) forbids reliance on a new rule that is sought to be applied retroactively.

The panel did not reach petitioner’s additional claims that his plea was not knowing and voluntary, and that his trial counsel provided ineffective assistance. We return those claims to the panel for review and decision.


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UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,
v.
LANDO V. TATE,
Defendant-Appellant.


No. 06-6529

Appeal from the United States District Court
for the Western District of Tennessee at Memphis.
No. 05-20050—Samuel H. Mays, Jr., District Judge.
Argued: December 5, 2007
Decided and Filed: February 15, 2008
Before: GUY, MOORE, and GILMAN, Circuit Judges.

_________________________
OPINION
_________________________

RONALD LEE GILMAN, Circuit Judge. In August of 2006, Lando V. Tate was convicted by a jury on one count of being a felon in possession of a firearm. The Sentencing Guidelines range was calculated to be 84 to 105 months of imprisonment, but the government moved for an upward departure on the basis that Tate’s criminal history category failed to accurately reflect the seriousness of his prior criminal conduct. It further argued that, based upon the 18 U.S.C. § 3553(a) factors, the statutory maximum of 120 months’ imprisonment was the more appropriate punishment. At the sentencing hearing, the district court declined to impose an upward departure under the Guidelines, but did impose the statutory maximum sentence of 120 months’ imprisonment based on the § 3553(a) factors. Tate now appeals his sentence. For the reasons set forth below, we AFFIRM the judgment of the district court.